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Strain measurement
The deformation of structural elements subjected to variable stresses is measured using strain gauges. The strain gauge is a device which, glued to the surface of a structural element, can measure its deformation when subjected to forces. In the case of resistive or electrical strain gauges, the operating principle is that of a grid resistance, placed on a patch called “matrix”, which varies according to the deformation. By means of a parameter k called “gage factor”, depending on the type of configuration and measurement material used, it is possible to correlate the measurement of the electrical quantity to deformation.
Reference standards: UNI 10478-2:1998; UNI 10478-5:1998